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Experience Mexico, outdoors, trekking and climbing with HG Mexico
The best trips trekking and climbing of Pico de Orizaba, Ixtaccihuatl, Nevado de Toluca and more...
Mountain guides in Mexico since 1976.
We are your best choice for exploring the Mexican volcanos. We can serve all levels of mountaineering and give you an enjoyable and unforgettable experience. Our mountain guides have the experience and knowledge of the Mexican volcanos to ensure your safe and successful ascent, our first priorities. We have a growing number of happy and satisfied summiteers..come and enjoy the outdoors with us! In addition, we share our culture and history on all of our
trips...so, “Andale, andale!!”
About Us
We are a group of mountain guides with experience in rescues, trekking, high altitude mountaineering, rock climbing and caving. We have shared our mountaineering experiences with other mountain guides from Mexico, Europe, and the United States, and various professional athletes. Above all, we would like to guide you, share our knowledge with you, and embark on an outdoor adventure
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Pico de Orizaba (Citlaltepetl) Mexico
Nahuatl name: Citlaltepetl also Poyauhtecatl = Mount of the Star (Orizaba Peak)
19.030 N, 97.268 W
Stratovolcano
18871 ft.
Pico de Orizaba is the fourth highest volcano in the Northern Hemisphere.
Eruptions of Pico de Orizaba Volcano 1687, 1630, 1613, 1569, 1566, 1545-65?, 1537
About altitude
With an altitude of more than 5633 m (18871 ft.,) the highest Mexican mountain with an estimated altitude of 5685 meters above sea level , there is some debate regarding its height. quotes 5610 meter as a revised value. A significantly higher 5740 m is also frequently quoted.
It is the highest inactive volcano in Mexico. Situated between the states of Puebla and Veracruz, it is cone-shaped and has a crater with a depth of 300 m and a width or 400 m.
is located in the boundary between the states of Puebla and Veracruz, 106 km West of the Gulf of Mexico. The second prominent feature within the park is a 4600 meter volcano named Tliltepetl, or Volcan Sierra Negra, whose crater is at slightly less than 7 km distance of the Citlaltepetl crater. The young Citlaltepetl and the old Tliltepetl nowadays constitute a joint geological structure.
Climbing el Pico de Orizaba
Options for climbing at Citlaltepetl (Pico de Orizaba)
Geology
The 100th anniversary volume of the bulletin of the Mexican Geological Society contains a review of the geology and eruptive history of some of the most important Mexican volcanoes, including Pico de Orizaba. A more specific recent work on the geology of Citlaltepetl is contained in the thesis of Andrea Rossotti. Pico de Orizaba is the main peak in the volcanic chain going from Cofre de Perote to Las Cumbres, Pico de Orizaba and Sierra Negra. This chain is part of the "Faja Volcanica Transmexicana", a series of volcanic chains in the 2 km high plateau of central Mexico, which itself covers a sizeable fraction of the Mexican territory and population of the country. Citlaltepetl stands some 3 km above this plateau, and over 4 km relative to. The saddle between both mountains clearly shows above the inversion layer. The lava tongue descending from Pico de Orizaba towards Sierra Negra, with a deposition of alluvions at its base, is the most noticeable red feature. the Eastern low lands of Veracruz. Citlaltepetl has a complex eruptive history dating back to the formation of the cone of Torrecillas, 650,000 years ago. The present Pico de Orizaba volcano formed about 16,500 years ago inside a previous structure known as Espolon de Oro. According to Sierra Negra is an older structure formed through two episodes of activity, the first 600,000 years ago and the second, named the ”Orizaba episode”, some 240,000 years ago. Three major explosive events occurring 4,100 years ago are related to the destruction of a mountain dome and the formation of the present crater, formed by a symmetric oval crater of 500m×400m . An impressive ”lava tongue” spanning 4 km SW in the direction of Sierra Negra is the result of a more recent episode of activity dated 1566. Most recent minor activity episodes occurred in the XVI century, although minor activity has been reported from time to time and the volcano is now considered as active in a period of quietness . Nowadays Citlaltepetl presents weak SO2 exhalations and low level tremors. Seismological monitoring is performed by station of the CENAPRED
The Parque Nacional Pico de Orizaba was established by a presidential decree of December 16, 1936, signed by L´azaro C´ardenas.
Legend - Name
Citlaltepetl, ”the mountain of the stars” in Nahuatl language,
The Aztecs believed that the divine fire from Orizaba's crater consumed a great winged serpent, Quetzalcoatl. Then Quetzalcoatl, the god of learning and the priesthood, took the form of a man and sailed across the sea, swearing to return and seek vengeance on the Aztec nation.
From the summit there is an excellent view of other mountains, such as, Iztaccihuatl, Popocatépetl (an active volcano,) la Malinche, and Cofre de Perote.
The base shelter can be reached using 4x4´s to weave through a forest of coniferous trees. Above the shelter there is a an area that is ideal for camping for those who require greater acclimatisation to altitudes exceeding 4000 m. By way of the north route the ascent crosses a glacier known as Jamapa, which leads to the crater. From the crater it is necessary to ascend to the summit by circling the cone-shaped apex.
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